11
Search and Surveillance Powers
Recommendations
13.14 Forfeiture
of
a
seized
item
should
only
be
ordered
by
the
court
where
there
is
a
specific
statutory
13.15 i
f
a
seized
item
produced
in
evidence
is
not
forfeited,
the
enforcementofficer
should return to the person entitled to its possession, or it should be the
subject of an application to the court by either the enforcement officer or a
person
claiming
to
be
Items that may not be lawfully possessed
13.61
Property seized pursuant to a search power may include things that it is illegal
to possess (referred to in this section as unlawful items). These are items the
possession of which is, either generally or in certain circumstances, an offence.
They include such things as controlled drugs, objectionable material, firearms
and other weapons. Following seizure, and until a prosecution is finalised,
retaining those items as evidential material can be dealt with in the same way
as other seized items. Where a conviction results, the relevant legislation makes
provision for the forfeiture or other disposal of the particul
44
13.62
however, the seizure of unlawful items will not always result in prosecution
and conviction. The person to whom the item belongs may not be able to be
located, or for other reasons may not be able to be prosecuted for the offence.
Prosecution may not necessarily result in a conviction. i
n these circumstances,
there must be adequate powers to allow for the disposal of such items. There are
already a number of provisions that allow for this:
section 70 of the a rms
a
ct 1983 seized firearms that are not the subject of
a court order may be disposed of, without notice, as directed by the
commissioner after being held for not less than 12 months;
section 199(2) of the Summary Proceedings act 1957 following a court
order, forged banknotes and counterfeit coins may be forfeited and destroyed,
without notice to the person from whom they were seized;
sections 116-118 of the Films, videos, and Publications classificationact
1993 following a court order, objectionable material may be destroyed after
notifying the person from whom it was seized.
13.63
There is no similar explicit provision to deal with controlled drugs and offensive
weapons without prosecution and conviction, but we understand problems
rarely arise. i
n the case of the former, if there is no one with a legitimate claim
to possession their destruction or disposal presents no difficulty in practice.
in relation to offensive weapons, as their carriage is only unlawful in certain
circumstances, their destruction is not generally justified in the absence of a
prosecution and conviction.
13.64
While existing provisions cover much of the ground, they adopt an inconsistent
approach; most of them do not require notice to the person concerned, and they
vary in terms of whether they require a court order before destruction or disposal.
44
See para 13.57 above.