13 could.  In that sense the experience of Resolution 1373 is an illustration of the motivation of the international community and of its determination and the potential of its ability to act  together  in  close  cooperation  and  in  coordinated  fashion  in  the  face  of  a  common global challenge. Effective  international  cooperation  is  vital  to  the  implementation  and  realisation  of international   objectives.      I   should   like   to   concentrate   my   final   remarks   on   the International Criminal Court, paying particular attention to some of the issues that would be  required  of  member  States  pursuant  to  the  regime  of  cooperation  and  judicial assistance under the ICC Statute and through domestic implementation legislation. International Criminal Court The  establishment  of  the  International  Criminal  Court  (ICC)  is  part  of  a  broader momentum in the 1990s towards the revival and development of international criminal law.    Its  existence  today  represents  the  acknowledgment  of  the  need  for  international criminal justice and for a permanent Court to administer it.    The Court was created under the Rome Statute of 1998 which came into effect on 1 July 2002.  To date the Statute has been signed by 139 countries and ratified by 92 six of which are from the Pacific: Australia, Fiji, Marshall Islands, Nauru, New Zealand and Samoa.    The Court’s jurisdiction is limited to the crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes.   When ongoing work has been completed and there is agreement on a definition of aggression, the Court will also have jurisdiction over the crime of aggression.  The threshold is high, for all these are the most serious crimes of concern to the international community.  They are crimes acknowledged in the Statute as having deeply shocked the conscience of humanity and which threaten the peace, security and well-being of the world, and must not go unpunished.  As declared in the Preamble to the Statute, the States Parties have affirmed their determination to “put an end to impunity and thus to contribute to the prevention of such crimes.”  The jurisdiction of the Court extends only to natural persons, who must be over 18 years at the time of the alleged commission of a crime, and not States or corporations. The Court’s jurisdiction is complementary to that of national courts, and is structured on the premise acknowledged in the Statute of the duty of every State to exercise its criminal jurisdiction over those responsible for international crimes.  The complementarity principle ensures the primacy of national systems of law and of national courts, and would mean that the national court has the primary responsibility for the prosecution of crimes that fall within the jurisdiction of the ICC.  The ICC will act only if the national court is unable or unwilling to act to bring transgressors to justice.  The ICC is therefore a court not of first, but of last resort. State cooperation